The US Mexican border wall’s length has been a topic of much debate, especially concerning its impact on the LGBTQ+ community and travel between the US and Mexico; however, gaymexico.net is here to provide clarity. While initial promises suggested covering the entire 2,000-mile border, the reality is far different, with varying definitions of “new” and “wall” further complicating matters, but you don’t need to worry about this anymore. Explore gaymexico.net for detailed guides, LGBTQ+ events, and community connections in Mexico.
1. How Much ‘New’ Border Wall Actually Exists?
Calculating the true extent of “new” wall constructed along the US-Mexico border depends heavily on what you consider “new” and “wall”. As of October 6, according to US Customs and Border Protection (CBP), there are 669 miles of “primary barrier” (the first structure encountered when crossing from Mexico to the US) and 65 miles of “secondary barrier”.
This means about 15 miles of new primary barrier or “border wall system” have been built in areas where no barricades existed before. About 350 miles of barrier has been built, comprising replacement structures and some new secondary barrier, according to the CBP. Moreover, 378 miles of new and replacement barrier are either under construction or in the “pre-construction phase”, with less than half of this located where no barriers currently exist.
2. What Materials Are Used to Build the Wall?
Initially, the promise was of a concrete wall, but the reality has shifted to steel barriers for better visibility. Much of the recent construction involves 18-30ft (5.4-9m) reinforced bollard fencing. Although not concrete, these barriers have used a significant amount of concrete in their construction, with approximately 774,000 cubic yards (592,000 cubic metres) of concrete used alongside 539,000 tonnes of steel.
How Does This Affect the LGBTQ+ Community?
The construction of the border wall raises concerns for LGBTQ+ individuals seeking asylum or safe passage. For those fleeing persecution, stricter border controls can create additional barriers to safety. Visit gaymexico.net for resources and support for LGBTQ+ individuals in Mexico.
3. How Has the Border Wall Been Funded?
Contrary to initial promises, the US government has funded the border wall expansion and reconstruction, not Mexico. Over $5 billion has come through the CBP, with nearly $10 billion diverted from the Department of Defense (DoD), sparking legal challenges. In 2019, after Congress rejected a request for $5.7 billion and allotted only $1.4 billion, border control was declared a national emergency, allowing funds to be moved from DoD budgets.
What Are the Legal Challenges?
The decision to bypass Congress has led to legal action, including challenges from environmental groups and states like California and New Mexico. Lower courts have ruled against the diversion of funds, but the Supreme Court has allowed construction to continue pending appeals.
4. Has the Border Wall Reduced Illegal Crossings?
The latest figures suggest that the number of migrants apprehended at the southern border has fallen this year after doubling between 2018 and 2019. The number of children and those traveling in family groups apprehended at the border has also dropped significantly in the 12 months to October, compared with the previous year.
What Other Factors Are Influencing Migration?
Immigration experts suggest that the drop is likely due to a range of anti-immigration measures introduced by the Trump administration rather than the border wall alone. These include tightened asylum rules, forced waiting periods in camps, and limits on the number of refugees accepted into the country. Emergency procedures during the coronavirus pandemic have also allowed agents to expel those crossing the border back to Mexico.
5. What’s the Situation in Migrant Camps?
Thousands who have journeyed to the southern US border have sought refuge in temporary border communities, often in shanty towns with limited resources and infrastructure. These migrants face threats from criminal organizations that kidnap them, assuming they have relatives in the US who can be extorted for money, according to Human Rights Watch.
How Are Charities Helping?
Charities like the World Food Kitchen, the Dignity Village collective, and Global Response Management (GRM) provide essential aid such as food, tents, clothing, and medical care. Despite these efforts, challenges persist due to coronavirus restrictions, border closures, and natural disasters like Hurricane Hanna.
6. Will the Border Wall Stop Drug Trafficking?
The border wall is unlikely to significantly reduce the trafficking of illegal drugs, such as heroin, cocaine, and methamphetamine, because most of these drugs come through established border checkpoints. The Drug Enforcement Administration reports that most heroin from Mexico is hidden in privately owned vehicles or transporter lorries and smuggled through legal entry points.
How Are Smugglers Adapting?
Smugglers are increasingly using boats to land drugs on the beaches of southern California, with interceptions by CBP’s air and marine operations jumping 82% last year. Marijuana, the most trafficked drug, is often smuggled in areas away from border checkpoints, with traffickers using underground tunnels, particularly in California and Arizona.
7. How Long Is The US-Mexican Border?
The US-Mexican border spans approximately 1,954 miles (3,145 kilometers), stretching from the Gulf of Mexico in the east to the Pacific Ocean in the west. This extensive border traverses four U.S. states (California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas) and six Mexican states (Baja California, Sonora, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas), creating a diverse and complex region.
The border region is characterized by a mix of urban and rural landscapes, including major cities like San Diego-Tijuana and El Paso-Ciudad Juárez, as well as vast deserts and mountainous terrains. This geographical diversity presents significant challenges for border security and management.
8. What Was the Original Plan for the Border Wall?
During his 2016 presidential campaign, Donald Trump promised to build a “big, beautiful wall” along the entire 2,000-mile US-Mexico border. The original plan called for a concrete barrier that would effectively stop illegal immigration and drug trafficking. However, after being elected, Trump revised the plan, opting for a steel fence instead of a concrete wall. He also reduced the scope of the project, stating that the wall would cover only about half of the border.
Despite these changes, the Trump administration made significant efforts to construct new and replacement barriers along the border. As of January 2021, approximately 452 miles of the border had been fortified with new or replacement fencing.
9. How Effective Is the Current Border Wall?
The effectiveness of the US-Mexico border wall is a subject of ongoing debate. Proponents argue that it has helped to reduce illegal immigration and drug trafficking in certain areas. They point to data showing a decrease in border apprehensions and drug seizures in some sectors.
However, critics argue that the wall is not a comprehensive solution and has significant limitations. They note that it is possible to cross the border in areas where the wall is not present, or to go over or under the wall using ladders or tunnels. Additionally, they argue that the wall has had negative impacts on the environment, wildlife, and local communities.
10. What Are the Environmental Impacts of the Border Wall?
The construction of the US-Mexico border wall has raised concerns about its environmental impacts. The wall can disrupt wildlife migration patterns, fragment habitats, and impede the flow of water across the border.
For example, the wall can block the movement of endangered species such as the Sonoran pronghorn and the jaguar, making it more difficult for them to find food, water, and mates. It can also disrupt natural drainage patterns, leading to increased flooding and erosion.
11. How Does Border Security Affect LGBTQ+ Asylum Seekers?
Border security measures can significantly impact LGBTQ+ asylum seekers fleeing persecution in their home countries. Many LGBTQ+ individuals seek asylum in the US to escape violence, discrimination, and legal oppression. However, stricter border controls and immigration policies can make it more difficult for them to access protection.
According to a report by the Human Rights Watch, LGBTQ+ asylum seekers often face additional challenges, such as discrimination and mistreatment by border officials, as well as difficulties in providing evidence of their sexual orientation or gender identity. As a result, many LGBTQ+ asylum seekers are denied asylum or face prolonged detention.
12. What Resources Are Available for LGBTQ+ Migrants?
There are several organizations that provide legal and social services to LGBTQ+ migrants and asylum seekers. These organizations offer assistance with asylum claims, legal representation, housing, healthcare, and other essential needs.
Here are some key resources:
- Immigration Equality: Provides legal services to LGBTQ+ asylum seekers and immigrants.
- National Center for Lesbian Rights (NCLR): Advocates for LGBTQ+ rights and offers legal assistance.
- Human Rights Campaign (HRC): Works to advance LGBTQ+ equality and provides resources for immigrants.
- ACLU: Defends the rights of all immigrants, including LGBTQ+ individuals.
13. What Are the Main Concerns of LGBTQ+ Travelers in Mexico?
LGBTQ+ travelers in Mexico may face concerns related to safety, discrimination, and cultural acceptance. While Mexico has made progress in LGBTQ+ rights, societal attitudes can vary, particularly in more conservative areas.
According to a survey conducted by the International LGBTQ+ Travel Association (IGLTA), LGBTQ+ travelers in Mexico are most concerned about:
- Public displays of affection: Some LGBTQ+ travelers may feel uncomfortable engaging in public displays of affection due to concerns about negative reactions.
- Safety in certain areas: Certain cities may be more accepting and LGBTQ+-friendly than others.
- Discrimination: Although illegal, discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity can occur.
14. Which Cities in Mexico Are Most LGBTQ+-Friendly?
Mexico has several cities that are known for being particularly LGBTQ+-friendly. These cities offer a welcoming and inclusive environment for LGBTQ+ travelers and residents.
Here are some of the most popular LGBTQ+-friendly cities in Mexico:
- Puerto Vallarta: Known as the “gay beach capital of Mexico,” Puerto Vallarta has a vibrant LGBTQ+ scene with numerous gay bars, clubs, and resorts.
- Mexico City: The capital city has a thriving LGBTQ+ community and offers a wide range of cultural and social activities.
- Guadalajara: This city has a growing LGBTQ+ scene and is known for its progressive attitudes and inclusive events.
- Cancun: While primarily a tourist destination, Cancun has a number of LGBTQ+-friendly resorts and attractions.
15. What LGBTQ+ Events Take Place in Mexico?
Mexico hosts a variety of LGBTQ+ events throughout the year, including pride parades, festivals, and conferences. These events provide opportunities for LGBTQ+ individuals to celebrate their identities, connect with others, and advocate for equality.
Some of the most popular LGBTQ+ events in Mexico include:
- Mexico City Pride: One of the largest pride parades in Latin America, attracting hundreds of thousands of participants.
- Puerto Vallarta Pride: A week-long celebration featuring parades, parties, and cultural events.
- Guadalajara Pride: A growing pride celebration that showcases the city’s LGBTQ+ community.
- Arena Festival: A popular electronic music festival held in Puerto Vallarta, attracting LGBTQ+ partygoers from around the world.
16. What Are the Legal Protections for LGBTQ+ People in Mexico?
Mexico has made significant progress in LGBTQ+ rights in recent years. Same-sex marriage is legal throughout the country, and discrimination based on sexual orientation is prohibited under federal law.
According to a report by the International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA), Mexico ranks as one of the most progressive countries in Latin America in terms of LGBTQ+ rights. However, challenges remain, particularly in terms of enforcement of anti-discrimination laws and addressing societal attitudes.
17. How Can I Stay Safe as an LGBTQ+ Traveler in Mexico?
While Mexico is generally a safe destination for LGBTQ+ travelers, it is important to take certain precautions to ensure your safety and well-being.
Here are some tips for staying safe as an LGBTQ+ traveler in Mexico:
- Research your destination: Learn about the local LGBTQ+ scene and identify safe and welcoming areas.
- Be aware of your surroundings: Pay attention to your surroundings and avoid walking alone in unfamiliar areas, especially at night.
- Avoid public displays of affection in conservative areas: While same-sex marriage is legal throughout Mexico, public displays of affection may not be well-received in some areas.
- Trust your instincts: If you feel uncomfortable or unsafe in a particular situation, remove yourself from the situation immediately.
18. What Cultural Differences Should LGBTQ+ Travelers Be Aware Of?
When traveling to Mexico, it’s essential for LGBTQ+ visitors to be aware of certain cultural nuances to ensure a respectful and enjoyable experience:
- Family Values: Family holds immense importance in Mexican culture, and traditional views on gender and sexuality may still prevail in some regions.
- Catholic Influence: As a predominantly Catholic country, certain segments of society may hold conservative views on LGBTQ+ issues.
- Machismo: The concept of “machismo” can influence gender roles and expectations, potentially leading to misunderstandings or discomfort.
- Public Displays of Affection: While acceptance is growing, openly affectionate behavior may draw unwanted attention, especially in more conservative areas.
- Language: Learning basic Spanish phrases can facilitate smoother interactions and demonstrate respect for local customs.
19. What Are Some Common Misconceptions About LGBTQ+ Life in Mexico?
Dispelling misconceptions about LGBTQ+ life in Mexico is crucial for fostering understanding and acceptance:
- Mexico is uniformly conservative: While certain regions may hold more traditional values, major cities like Mexico City, Puerto Vallarta, and Guadalajara boast vibrant and progressive LGBTQ+ communities.
- Safety is a major concern everywhere: While caution is always advisable, many areas are very safe and welcoming to LGBTQ+ visitors.
- Discrimination is rampant: Although incidents of discrimination can occur, many businesses and individuals actively support and embrace LGBTQ+ inclusivity.
- There is no LGBTQ+ culture: Mexico has a rich and diverse LGBTQ+ culture, with numerous events, organizations, and spaces catering to the community.
- It’s not safe to be openly LGBTQ+: While discretion may be prudent in some situations, many individuals live openly and authentically without fear.
20. How Can I Find More Information About LGBTQ+ Travel in Mexico?
Planning a trip to Mexico as an LGBTQ+ traveler requires reliable information and resources:
- Online Guides: Websites like gaymexico.net offer comprehensive travel guides tailored to LGBTQ+ individuals, covering destinations, events, and safety tips.
- LGBTQ+ Travel Blogs: Reading blogs and articles from LGBTQ+ travelers who have visited Mexico can provide valuable insights and first-hand experiences.
- Travel Agencies: Specialized travel agencies can help you plan LGBTQ+-friendly itineraries, accommodations, and activities.
- Community Forums: Engaging with online forums and communities can connect you with fellow travelers and locals who can offer advice and support.
- Local Organizations: Reach out to LGBTQ+ organizations in Mexico for information on local resources, events, and support networks.
Whether you’re looking for the best gay bars in Puerto Vallarta, information on LGBTQ+ rights in Mexico City, or tips for staying safe as an LGBTQ+ traveler, gaymexico.net has you covered. We provide the latest news, travel guides, and resources to help you plan your perfect trip.
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FAQ: Understanding the US-Mexican Border Wall
1. What is the current length of the US-Mexican border wall?
As of recent reports, the US-Mexican border has approximately 669 miles of primary barrier and 65 miles of secondary barrier. This includes both newly constructed sections and replacements of older barriers.
2. What materials are primarily used in constructing the border wall?
The border wall mainly consists of steel bollard fencing, typically ranging from 18 to 30 feet in height. While not made of concrete, significant amounts of concrete have been used in its construction.
3. How much has the US government spent on the border wall?
The US government has spent over $5 billion through traditional CBP funding and nearly $10 billion diverted from the Department of Defense for the border wall project.
4. Has the border wall effectively reduced illegal immigration?
While border apprehensions have decreased, experts suggest that this is due to a range of anti-immigration measures, not solely the wall.
5. How does the border wall impact drug trafficking?
The border wall is unlikely to significantly reduce drug trafficking, as most illegal drugs are smuggled through legal entry points.
6. What are the environmental concerns related to the border wall?
The border wall can disrupt wildlife migration patterns, fragment habitats, and impede water flow, leading to potential ecological damage.
7. How does border security affect LGBTQ+ asylum seekers?
Stricter border controls can make it more difficult for LGBTQ+ individuals fleeing persecution to access protection and seek asylum.
8. Which cities in Mexico are considered LGBTQ+-friendly?
Cities such as Puerto Vallarta, Mexico City, Guadalajara, and Cancun are known for their welcoming and inclusive environments for LGBTQ+ travelers.
9. What legal protections exist for LGBTQ+ people in Mexico?
Mexico has made significant progress in LGBTQ+ rights, with same-sex marriage legal throughout the country and federal laws prohibiting discrimination based on sexual orientation.
10. Where can I find reliable information about LGBTQ+ travel in Mexico?
Websites like gaymexico.net offer comprehensive travel guides and resources tailored for LGBTQ+ individuals planning a trip to Mexico.
