Mexico City, or Ciudad de México (CDMX), stands as a colossal urban center, not just within Mexico, but across North America. Fueled by internal migration and, more recently, an influx of international residents drawn by its vibrant culture and relatively affordable lifestyle, the question of How Many People Live In Mexico City is increasingly pertinent. Especially with the rise of digital nomadism, understanding the city’s population dynamics is crucial for both residents and those considering making CDMX their new home.
According to recent data, the greater metropolitan area of Mexico City is home to nearly 22 million people. This impressive figure firmly establishes it as the largest city in North America, surpassing even sprawling metropolises like New York City and Los Angeles. This number reflects not just the city proper, but also the surrounding urban sprawl that blends seamlessly into neighboring municipalities.
The population of Mexico City has been steadily growing. Between 2019 and 2023, the city experienced a population increase of approximately 3%, which translates to around 600,000 new residents. This growth underscores Mexico City’s continued appeal as a destination for people seeking opportunities and a different way of life.
An expansive aerial view of Mexico City illustrating its vast urban landscape and dense population.
One factor contributing to this population growth, though difficult to quantify precisely, is the increasing number of foreign residents, particularly Americans. The rise of remote work, accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic, has led many to seek locations offering a higher quality of life at a lower cost. Mexico City, with its rich cultural heritage, delicious cuisine, and relatively lower cost of living compared to many US cities, has become a magnet for these digital nomads.
Statistics from Mexico’s Migration Policy Unit reveal a significant surge in Americans seeking residency in Mexico. Between 2019 and 2022, the number of Americans applying for or renewing residency visas jumped by about 70%, from approximately 17,800 to over 30,000. This official data, however, likely underestimates the true number of Americans residing in Mexico City, as many enter the country on tourist visas, which allow stays of up to six months. Tracking those who may overstay these visas and live and work remotely is inherently challenging.
A visual representation of the 70% surge in US citizens applying for or renewing Mexican residency visas from 2019 to 2022.
For many Americans, the allure of Mexico City lies in a perceived improvement in lifestyle. Interviews with American expats highlight factors such as lower living costs, a more relaxed pace of life, and a strong sense of community and culture. While crime rates in Mexico are higher than in the U.S., some Black Americans report feeling safer and more included in Mexico City.
However, this influx of newcomers is not without its complexities. Local residents have voiced concerns about gentrification and its impact on the city’s social fabric. Rising rent prices, fueled in part by the demand for short-term rentals catering to tourists and digital nomads, are displacing some long-term residents. In certain popular neighborhoods, the sound of English is becoming as common as Spanish, and cafes are filled with remote workers on laptops, altering the traditional character of these areas.
A vibrant street in Mexico City, capturing the blend of old and new that defines its dynamic atmosphere.
The situation presents a dual narrative. While the influx of foreigners can inject wealth into the local economy and foster cultural exchange, it also exacerbates existing inequalities and strains housing affordability for many Mexicans. The average annual salary in Mexico City in 2022 was around $20,000 USD, significantly lower than in major US cities like New York City, where the average approaches $80,000 USD. This income disparity highlights the economic pressures faced by locals as rental costs in trendy neighborhoods increase dramatically. For instance, in the La Condesa neighborhood, average rents climbed by nearly 60% in just three years.
A local resident amidst the colorful architecture of Mexico City, representing the city’s rich cultural heritage.
The rise of short-term rental platforms like Airbnb further complicates the housing situation. Between 2019 and 2023, short-term rentals in Mexico City increased by approximately 45%. While these platforms contribute to the tourism sector, they also reduce the availability of long-term rental properties and contribute to rising housing costs, impacting local communities.
Mexico City’s rapid growth and evolving demographics underscore the need for sustainable urban planning and policies that address housing affordability and ensure equitable development. Finding a balance between welcoming newcomers and preserving the city’s unique cultural identity and ensuring the well-being of its long-term residents is a critical challenge for Mexico City as it continues to grow as a major global metropolis. Understanding how many people live in Mexico City is just the starting point for a deeper conversation about the city’s future and the complex dynamics shaping its urban landscape.
